* Define emoji context for ActivityPub

* Fix the emojo

* Use general Mastodon context instead

* Custom emoji

- In OStatus: `<link rel="emoji" name="coolcat" href="http://..." />`
- In ActivityPub: `{ type: "Emoji", name: ":coolcat:", href: "http://..." }`
- In REST API: Status object includes `emojis` array (`shortcode`, `url`)
- Domain blocks with reject media stop emojis
- Emoji file up to 50KB
- Web UI handles custom emojis
- Static pages render custom emojis as `<img />` tags

Side effects:

- Undo #4500 optimization, as I needed to modify it to restore
  shortcode handling in emojify()
- Formatter#plaintext should now make sure stripped out line-breaks
  and paragraphs are replaced with newlines

* Fix emoji at the start not being converted

Since reblogs are serialized as Announce activity, its published property can be used for the creation time of reblog.

We had returned `nil` for that case, but this raises an error instead, as a wrong usage of the method.
This method is currently only used in ActivitySerializer.

* Fix race condition when receiving an ActivityPub Create multiple times

* Use a RedisLock to avoid concurrent processing of a same Create activity

In before, the method uses stream_entry id as status id, so replied status was wrongly selected.

This PR uses StatusFinder which was introduced with `Api::Web::EmbedsController`.

- Fix assumption that `url` is always a string. Handle it if it's an
  array of strings, array of objects, object, or string, both for
  accounts and for objects
- `sharedInbox` is actually supposed to be under `endpoints`, handle
  both cases and adjust the serializer

See: <https://www.w3.org/wiki/Activity_Streams_extensions#as:manuallyApprovesFollowers>

* Make "unfollow" undo pending outgoing follow request too

* Add cancel button to web UI when awaiting follow request approval

* Make the hourglass button do the cancelling

Using _: property names is discouraged, as in the future,
canonicalization may throw an error when encountering that instead
of discarding it silently like it does now.

We are defining some ActivityStreams properties which we expect
to land in ActivityStreams eventually, to ensure that future versions
of Mastodon will remain compatible with this even once that happens.
Those would be `locked`, `sensitive` and `Hashtag`

We are defining a custom context inline for some properties which we
do not expect to land in any other context. `atomUri`, `inReplyToAtomUri`
and `conversation` are part of the custom defined OStatus context.

* Forward ActivityPub creates that reply to local statuses

* Fix test

* Fix wrong signers

SerializarbleResource#as_json serializes to Symbol keyed Hash, but current
implementation of LinkedDataSignature expects String keyed Hash.

So it generates broken payload.

* Add handling of Linked Data Signatures in payloads

* Add a way to sign JSON, fix canonicalization of signature options

* Fix signatureValue encoding, send out signed JSON when distributing

* Add missing security context

* Process Create / Announce activity in FetchRemoteStatusService

* Use activity URL in ActivityPub for reblogs

* Redirect to the original status on StatusesController#show

* Fallback to OStatus in FetchAtomService

* Skip activity+json link if that activity is Person without inbox
* If unsupported activity was detected and all other URLs failed, retry with ActivityPub-less Accept header

* Allow mention to OStatus account in ActivityPub

* Don't update profile with inbox-less Person object

- Tries to avoid performing HTTP request if the keyId is an actor URI
- Likewise if the URI is a fragment URI on top of actor URI
- Resolves public key, returns owner if the owner links back to the key

* Handle duplicate ActivityPub activities

Only perform side-effects when record processed for the first time

* Fast-forward repeat follow requests

*Note: OStatus URIs are invalid for ActivityPub. But we have them for
as long as we want to keep old OStatus-sourced content and as long as
we remain OStatus-compatible.*

- In Announce handling, if object URI is not a URL, fallback to object URL
- Do not use specialized ThreadResolveWorker, rely on generalized handling
- When serializing notes, if parent's URI is not a URL, use parent's URL

* Deliver ActivityPub Like

* Deliver ActivityPub Undo-Like

* Deliver ActivityPub Create/Announce activities

* Deliver ActivityPub creates from mentions

* Deliver ActivityPub Block/Undo-Block

* Deliver ActivityPub Accept/Reject-Follow

* Deliver ActivityPub Undo-Follow

* Deliver ActivityPub Follow

* Deliver ActivityPub Delete activities

Incidentally fix #889

* Adjust BatchedRemoveStatusService for ActivityPub

* Add tests for ActivityPub workers

* Add tests for FollowService

* Add tests for FavouriteService, UnfollowService and PostStatusService

* Add tests for ReblogService, BlockService, UnblockService, ProcessMentionsService

* Add tests for AuthorizeFollowService, RejectFollowService, RemoveStatusService

* Add tests for BatchedRemoveStatusService

* Deliver updates to a local account to ActivityPub followers

* Minor adjustments

* Handle ActivityPub follows correctly

ActivityPub follows are follow-requests. Always require an Accept.
If account is not locked, auto-accept.

* Handle ActivityPub Accept/Reject-Follow

* Fix wrong method

* Fix wrong class

* Add ActivityPub inbox

* Handle ActivityPub deletes

* Handle ActivityPub creates

* Handle ActivityPub announces

* Stubs for handling all activities that need to be handled

* Add ActivityPub actor resolving

* Handle conversation URI passing in ActivityPub

* Handle content language in ActivityPub

* Send accept header when fetching actor, handle JSON parse errors

* Test for ActivityPub::FetchRemoteAccountService

* Handle public key and icon/image when embedded/as array/as resolvable URI

* Implement ActivityPub::FetchRemoteStatusService

* Add stubs for more interactions

* Undo activities implemented

* Handle out of order activities

* Hook up ActivityPub to ResolveRemoteAccountService, handle
Update Account activities

* Add fragment IDs to all transient activity serializers

* Add tests and fixes

* Add stubs for missing tests

* Add more tests

* Add more tests

* Improve webfinger templates and make tests more flexible

* Clean up AS2 representation of actor

* Refactor outbox

* Create activities representation

* Add representations of followers/following collections, do not redirect /users/:username route if format is empty

* Remove unused translations

* ActivityPub endpoint for single statuses, add ActivityPub::TagManager for better
URL/URI generation

* Add ActivityPub::TagManager#to

* Represent all attachments as Document instead of Image/Video specifically
(Because for remote ones we may not know for sure)

Add mentions and hashtags representation to AP notes

* Add AP-resolvable hashtag URIs

* Use ActiveModelSerializers for ActivityPub

* Clean up unused translations

* Separate route for object and activity

* Adjust cc/to matrices

* Add to/cc to activities, ensure announce activity embeds target status and
not the wrapper status, add "id" to all collections